fa مهندسی نقص برای سلول خورشیدی مسطح بازده بالا مبتنی بر پروسکایت سه کاتیونه فن آوري هاي انرژي هاي تجديد پذير Renewable Energy Technologies پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">پارامترهای سلول خورشیدی با </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">ترکیب کردن دو کاتیون آلی فرمامیدینیوم (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">FA</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و متیل آمونیوم (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MA</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) در سایت </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">از لایه جذب کننده پروسکایت سه کاتیونه و دو آنیونه</span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> شامل </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Br</span></span></span> <span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span></span></span><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در سایت </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">x</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">توسط شبیه‌سازی با نرم‌افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SCAPS</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بررسی شده است. </span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">ابتدا چگالی نقص لایه پروسکایت از </span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">10¹³ &times; 1 تا 10¹⁷ &times; 1 (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">cm^-3</span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) تغییر داده شده و اثر آن بر عملکرد سلول خورشیدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. سپس ضخامت لایه جاذب پروسکایت از 200 تا 1200 نانومتر تغییر کرده و برای چگالی نقص‌های مختلف لایه پروسکایت، </span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نحوه و میزان تغییرات</span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> پارامترهای سلول خورشیدی دیده شده است. در مرحله بعد با تغییر </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">چگالی نقص‌های فصل مشترک پروسکایت/</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ETL</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">از </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">10¹¹ &times; 1 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تا </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">10¹³ &times; 2 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">cm^-3</span></span></span><span lang="AR-BH"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">)</span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، خازن موجود در فصل مشترک افزایش پیدا کرده که باعث کاهش بازدهی و ضریب‌پرشدگی</span></span></span> <span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">سلول خورشیدی شده است. در نهایت مقدار طول انتشار حامل‌ها (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">L</span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) از صفر تا حدود 4 میکرومتر عوض شده است که با افزایش آن، پارامترهای عملکردی سلول خورشیدی افزایش پیدا کرده‌اند.</span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The solar cell parameters by combining two organic cations formamidinium (FA) and methylammonium (MA) in site A of triple-cations and double-anions perovskite absorbing layer including Br and I in site x have been investigated by simulation with SCAPS software. First, the defect density of the perovskite layer was changed from 1</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-BH" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&times;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10¹³</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> to 1</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-BH" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&times;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10¹⁷</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (cm^-3) and its effect on the performance of the solar cell was investigated. Then, the thickness of the perovskite absorber layer was changed from 200 to 1200 nm and for the different density of the perovskite layer defects, the manner and extent of the changes in the parameters of the solar cell were observed. In the next step, by changing the defect density of the perovskite/ETL interface from 1</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-BH" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&times;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10¹¹</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">to 2</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-BH" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&times;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">10¹³</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (cm^-3), the capacitor of the interface has increased which has reduced the efficiency and fill factor of the solar cell. Finally, the diffusion length of the carriers (L) has been changed from zero to about 4 &mu;m and with its increase, the functional parameters of the solar cell have increased.</span></span></span></span></span></span> سلول‌خورشیدی, شبیه‌سازی, پروسکایت SCAPS 63 77 http://necjournals.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2579-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 MohammadReza Kolahdouz Esfahani محمدرضا کلاهدوز اصفهانی kolahdouz@ut.ac.ir 10031947532846007278 10031947532846007278 Yes University of Tehran دانشگاه تهران Ali Ebrahimi علی ابراهیمی a.ebrahimii@ut.ac.ir 10031947532846007279 10031947532846007279 No University of Tehran دانشگاه تهران Razieh Teimouri راضیه تیموری R.teimouri1990@gmail.com 10031947532846007280 10031947532846007280 No University of Tehran دانشگاه تهران