Conventionally, providing energy services in most developing countries has been the responsibility of public sector monopoly. The deficient management in facilities and government budjet constraints has inclined developing countries to finance their services provision through international markets. The growing demand for energy and higher interest rates in these countries attract investors and lenders to this new business position. Following power production sector privatization, governments have changed their roles from main financer, manager and operation to facilitator and regulator in services supply process by private sector. Increasing private sector activity in developing countries, risk should be distributed among the project partners- public and private. This study is concentrated in general trends of private power market, risk management and different project invironment in the developing world and Iran. Attention to project participant role such as sponsers, fuel and equipment suppliers, construction contractors and operation and maintanence corporations for risk management, risk effect on project development, government protection and guaranteed level against special risks and mechanism of risk reduction is necessary.