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The 9th International Energy Conference
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Showing 5 results for Environmental Impacts

H.r Haghgou, S Parsa, R Effatnejad, G Hejazi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2009)
Abstract

In this paper energy saving potential and environmental impacts for household electric water heaters are studied. at the first step the basic parameters and measurement method based on standard IEC379 are chosen. Then twelve domestic electric water heaters are tested. By using the regression method the best curve are fitted and by shifting the base curve the region between upper and lower limits are divided into seven regions for various capacities. Energy saving potential are calculated by comparing to insulated electric water heaters. Economical appraisal from consumer and national economy point of view are studied.
Mohammad Sadegh Gazizadeh, Adel Gholami, Sayedjavad Mirrezairoudaki,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2011)
Abstract

Recently, energy issues and global warming have gained serious attentions all around the world. In this regard, using renewable energy options are of great importance. Among numerous options, tri-generation systems with fuel cell can be a good candidate for this unique purpose. Trigeneration means to produce cooling, heating and power simultaneously with one source of input energy. The importance of using Tri-generation systems are both higher efficiency and lower environmental impacts. They can be used widespread in residential applications though. Tri-generation prime movers can be internal combustion engine, micro turbines, fuel cells or sterling engine. Among these various prime movers, fuel cellsare the best option due to their high efficiency, low pollution and high reliability. In this paper, by using an economic analysis the size and operation of the required fuel cell for the specific electricity, cooling and heating load of a typical building located in Tehran, Iran are selected. To carry out this analysis, an objective function has been introduced and maximized using developed mixed integer nonlinear method. The operation strategy and the payback period of the chosen system are also determined in this study. In addition, the results end up with finding an optimal capacity, optimal chiller capacity. The results show that using fuel cell is not economical now but for afuture by considering the cost of environmental impact it will be the best option. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is performed by changes in fuel cost, electricity cost and investment cost. The results show that theses parameters have significant effects on the system performance.
Narges Karegari, Reza Mastoori,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (1-2012)
Abstract

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an effective tool for decision-making, which could assess and analysis the environmental impacts. Also, appropriate approaches with less environmental impacts could be indicated by LCA. There are some procedures and plans in order to strengthening LCA, which could quantify the environmental impacts of a product or process in the whole of life cycle. One of these strengthening methods is EPS (Environmental Priority Strategies). Environmental impacts could be calculated and compared for different emissions, resources and energy use by EPS system. In order to comparing environmental impacts of resource use, transportation and raw material use, environmental impacts should be quantified. The unit for comparing environmental impact in EPS system is ELU (Environmental Load Unit). In this paper, environmental impacts of air pollutants in life cycle of a combined cycle power plant have been quantified by EPS. The results show that the most important environmental impact based on ELU are respectively CO2, CH4, PM, NOx and SO2.
Mohammad Bahrami, Ali Asghar Hamidi, Abtin Atai, Reza Ghodsi, Tandis Nejati,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract

Power generation systems by renewable energy can reduce primary energy consumption and harmful emissions. Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC), together with solar energy as a heat source, is a possible solution for producing power. In these cycles water is replaced with organic working fluids. This study uses a thermodynamic simulation for performance analysis of ORC, choosing a suitable working fluid for these Cycles. In this study, Parabolic Trough collector as a heat source with temperature of 260°C has been considered. The system defined generated 10kW of electrical power. The effects of the properties of twelve different working fluids, on the overall cycle efficiency have been investigated. The thermodynamic and physical properties, environmental impacts, safety, availability and cost are among the important considerations when selecting a working fluid. N-decane presents the best cycle efficiency, resulting in the minimum collector surface area. However, this fluid has the highest saturated vapor specific volume (resulting in a larger condenser) and the lowest condenser saturation pressure (higher infiltration of non-condensable gases). The best candidates for the cycle regarding all the considered aspects considered are: R113, R123 and Isopentane. Comparing these three fluids, R113 presents the highest efficiency and with highest impact in environment but good fluid from safety point of view. Isopentane presents the smallest cycle efficiency and biggest vapor specific volume, but is the fluid with super-atmospheric saturation pressure and higher flammability. R123 presents the high efficiency and with low impact in environment.
Hadi Dashtaki Hesari, Mohammad Ali Ghazizadeh, Mohammad Ali Zahed,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract

In this article, different kinds of solar cooling for residential usage are investigated. Different parts of all systems are selected according to the current technology and economic calculations based on different parameters are implemented. Besides the economic evaluation of these systems as a substitution for the current cooling systems, their environmental effects from the national point of view are considered and their social acceptance are explained. The systems being studied are chosen from both major classes of solar cooling systems (photovoltaic and thermal) and all the parameters influencing size and price are paid attention to. The other goal of this project is to help policy-makers, who develop the solar industry in the country, in investing in the proper technology in the area of solar cooling. Hence the southern regions of the country, which require the highest cooling load and have the most potential in capturing the solar energy during the year, are selected for analysis. The important point in choosing solar cooling is its high influence on the peak electricity consumption in the country in the hot days of the summer which is among the focus points of the government.



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نشریه انرژی ایران Iranian Journal of Energy
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