In this research, propitious agricultural residues in Iran for the biofuel production and provinces for the biorefineries construction were determined. Cereals are the most Iran's crop production. Iran contributes 0.86% of the global cereal production and 0.9% of the global agricultural residues, so have a potential to produce biofuels. Among top 10 countries in the biofuel production, Iran's cereal residues are more than Netherlands' ones. Khuzestan, Fars, Tehran, Qazvin, Razavi Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Hamedan, Mazandaran, Golestan, Isfahan, Kerman, West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Lorestan, Kermanshah and Markazi provinces have a potential to produce biofuels from agricultural residues.