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Distributed Optimal Operation of Integrated Electricity–Gas Networks Considering Fuzzy Behavioral Uncertainty in Demand Response
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Mohammad Mahdi Davari *   , Mohammad Sadegh Sepasian , Mohammad Taghi Ameli |
| Shahid Beheshti University & Tehran Regional Electric Power Distribution Company, Tehran, Iran , m_davary@sbu.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (17 Views) |
With the rapid expansion of multi‑energy systems and the increasing penetration of renewable energy resources, the optimal operation of integrated electricity–gas systems has become subject to growing levels of uncertainty. One of the most critical sources of uncertainty arises from consumers’ behavioral unpredictability in participating in demand response programs, which may lead to overly optimistic and unrealistic operational decisions.
This paper proposes a distributed optimal operation framework for an integrated electricity–gas system in which demand response is modeled in a unified manner, including shiftable, curtailable, and substitutable loads between electricity and natural gas carriers. To enhance the realism of the model, the behavioral uncertainty associated with consumer participation is represented using a fuzzy approach and incorporated endogenously into the optimization formulation.
The proposed model is formulated as a mixed‑integer linear programming (MILP) problem and solved using the distributed alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). This solution approach preserves the operational independence of electricity and gas network operators, thereby reflecting the practical structure of modern energy markets.
Numerical case studies demonstrate that incorporating integrated demand response reduces operational costs, alleviates network congestion, and improves peak load management. Moreover, the fuzzy modeling of behavioral uncertainty mitigates overly optimistic planning outcomes and leads to more robust and reliable operational decisions for integrated electricity–gas systems. The main contribution of this study lies in the simultaneous integration of unified demand response modeling, fuzzy representation of behavioral uncertainty, and a distributed operational framework within a coherent optimization structure. |
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| Keywords: Integrated electricity–gas network, demand response, behavioral uncertainty, fuzzy modeling, distributed operation. |
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Full-Text [PDF 582 kb]
(9 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Energy Planning Models
Received: 2026/05/13 | Accepted: 2026/06/21 | Published: 2026/06/30
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